Davoud Shojaeizadeh has completed his PhD from Liverpool University, Liverpool, England. He is a member of the faculty of Tehran University of Medical Sciences.

Anxiety is a more mental disorder in many countries. The global prevalence of anxiety has estimate 12%. Anxiety is in all of the occupation but it is more important in hospital staffs special among nurses. The prevalence of Anxiety among nurses higher than other people. This study was done in Alzahra hospital on 64 members of the nursing staffs according spielberger questionnaire. Individuals were divided randomly in intervention and control groups. Assaying of Anxiety was done using spielberger questionnaire and for assaying intervention we used designed questionnaire based on PRECEDE model. The educational intervention was done in 4 session was done according to PRECEDE model (Predisposing factors- Enabling factors- Reinforcing factors).The results of this study showed that the mean of Anxiety score and also predisposing factors, Enabling factors, Reinforcing factors before of training in two groups did not significant difference, but after of training the amount of Anxiety score was significant decreased score in intervention group in comparison to control group, also after of training the amount of Predisposing factors-Enabling factors-Reinforcing factors increase significantly in intervention group comparison to control group(p<0.05). The effect of reduction training based PRECEDE model in reduction of anxiety in nursing staffs. PRECEDE model is the best theory model in planning of health education and health promotion.

Regina Gentlesk Green completed her Master of Science / Psychiatric Mental Health Clinical Nurse Specialist program from University of Pennsylvania in 2002. She is currently the chief nurse executive (CNE) at Northbrook Behavioral Health Hospital, a for- profit Psychiatric Hospital owned by Ocean Healthcare. She has provided care for individuals with psychiatric and IDD, in a number of contexts for over 20 years.

To date, there is a lack of standardized treatment for individuals with self-injurious behavior (SIB) and intellectual and developmental disability (IDD). This paper is aimed at addressing the lack of knowledge and standardization in treating individuals who engage in frequent and significant SIB to the head. Specifically, this paper will address how an evidence-based integrated care pathway can increase the level of knowledge for treatment team members working with individuals with IDD that engage in frequent and/or significant SIB. Treatment team members were trained on an educational program related to SIB with the IDD population and on an integrated care pathway for SIB to the head. It is anticipated that this pathway will increase treatment team knowledge of best practices, decrease clinical variation, standardize care, and improve clinical outcomes with this vulnerable population. Finally, implications for more broadly utilizing integrated care pathways in healthcare assessment and delivery are discussed.

Suhathai Tosangwarn, have worked as a lecturer at the Boromarajonani College of Nursing, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand since 2007. In this role, I had the opportunity to work in different areas including hospitals, primary care centres and care homes. The care home has become the most interesting setting for me, because I found that most older adults were suffering from depression. As a result, my research project is related to exploring the factors associated with depressive symptoms and understanding the stigma of living in a care home among older adults residing in care homes in Thailand.

Background: Most Thai people reject the idea of letting their ageing parents live in a care home due to the belief that a care home is a place for poor older adults who have no family. These beliefs could influence the perception of living in a care home among older residents and result in low self-esteem, isolation, self-harm and depression. Therefore, this study explored the factors associated with depressive symptoms and other variables among older adults residing in a care home in Thailand. Method/Design: 128 older residents were recruited from two care homes in the northeast of Thailand and data was collected using the 15-Item Thai Geriatric Depression Scale, Internalised Stigma of Living in a Care Home Scale, Thai Version of Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, Thai Version of Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support and a Coping Strategies Inventory Short Form. Results: Depressive symptoms were found to be significantly correlated with internalised stigma, self-esteem and social support (r= 0.563, -0.574 and -0.333) (p< 0.001), respectively. Perceived internalised stigma of living in a care home is the strongest predictor of reporting experiencing some level of depressive symptoms, resulting in an odds ratio of 9.165. Discussion: Perceived internalised stigma is significantly positively correlated with depressive symptoms and is the strongest predictor of the risk of depressive symptoms. By understanding and improving the knowledge of internalised stigma of living in a care home could inform strategy, intervention and guidelines for appropriate care for older adults residing in a care home.

Mariela Lara-Cabrera is PhD-candidate and research nurse at Tiller Community mental health center, Division of Psychiatry, St. Olavs University Hospital, Norway. She has investigated the effects of peer co-led educational group intervention in mental health setting in two different RCTs, in a validation study (1-3), as well as in a systematic review.

Background: Mental health care reforms have emphasised the importance of educating and activating psychiatric patients to play a more involved role in managing their own health. Patients’ knowledge, skills and confidence in managing their health and health-care, defined as patient activation, are important prerequisites for taking an active role in their own welfare. Peer co-led educational interventions may potentially have an impact on this. Objective: To conduct a systematic review of the effects of peer co-led programmes on patient activation among adults with mental health conditions. Methods: PubMed, PsycINFO, British Nursing Index and CINAHL were searched for randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of peer co-led educational programmes (published from 2004 through January 2016) that included the Patient Activation Measure (PAM) as an outcome. Results: All RCTs (n=3) demonstrated a greater improvement in PAM. The meta-analysis on the change in PAM scores was significantly higher for the intervention group at the first post-intervention assessment and the follow-up assessment (2 and 4 months respectively). Conclusion: This is the first review providing support for the effects of peer co-led interventions on patient activation. However, more research evaluating long-term outcomes and cost-benefits is required before additional recommendations can be made. Practice implications: Studies indicate that peer co-led interventions improve self-reported patients’ knowledge, skills and confidence in managing their health. Such interventions may represent a valuable supplement to usual care. We recommend that future studies assess self-management behavioural effects, as well as possible associations between patient activation and changes in illness and recovery outcomes.

Eun Young Kwak has completed her MSN from Seoul National University. She is an APN in psychiatric mental health nursing and also a unit manager in Seoul National University Hospital.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of anger management programs based on cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) in psychiatric inpatients. This study used a nonequivalent control group, non-synchronized, and quasi-experimental design. 31 subjects were recruited. The experimental group (n=16) received 5 sessions of 2 week program. The control group (n=15) could receive the same program as the experimental group after completion of the first- and 14th-day questionnaire. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS for Windows. The results of homogeneity verification of preliminary investigation data showed that there was no significant difference between the experimental and control group. Compared with the control group, patients on treatment showed significant reduction in scores of anger-out (U=19.50, p<.001), and anger-expression (U=40.50, p=.001). This present trial results demonstrate that anger management programs significantly reduced anger-out and anger-expression. These results can suggest that anger management programs contribute to controlling anger-expression of psychiatric inpatients.

Analídia Rodolpho Petry is a Brazilian Nurse who completed her studies in Psychiatry and Mental Health in Lisbon. She has completed her Master of Science at Universidade de Santa Cruz do Sul and Doctoral Studies from Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul. During PhD, studied with Stephen Whittle at Manchester Metropolitan University. She is part of Health Researche Study Group. She wrote papers and a book addressing Schizophrenia and published papers on Gender Dysphoria area in reputed journals. She is an associate professor and coordinates Pshychiatry and Mental Health theory and practice at Santa Cruz do Sul University.

The aim of this paper is identify the understanding of nurses, working in a teaching hospital in South of Brazil, caring on people who personify the opposite gender. Gender means individual’s behavior according their cultural interpretation about feminine and masculine while sex means biological male and female. Persons which embodied other gender role destabilize heteronormative’s social comprehensions. Medical technology, as a concept, involves from communication with the patient to the most modern techniques. Brazil’s Pubic Health Polices established, in 2008, the Transsexual Process. Ordinance 2803, in 2013, expands Transsexual Process in the Health Unic System. This is a qualitative research, supported in Cultural and Gender Studies and is part of a researche entitled Biotechnologies and care practices in an academic health service, CAAE: 46717815.8.0000.5343, approved by Ethics Committee of Santa Cruz do Sul University. Data results in two analytical units. First one shows nurses comprehention about the subject. The second, demonstrate their understanding about Transsexual Process and the knowledge obtained in their nursing schools. Discussion evidence interviewees are impregnated by moral conceptions that associate embodiment with socially inappropriate behavior and with perversion. Those kind of conceptions have strong impact on nursing care in a daily bases. It is concluded that continuing education should be offered to nurses so they can have the opportunity to think his views on transgender people as well as on the treatments available under Transexual Process in the Brazilian’s Health Unic System.

Hülya KÖK -EREN is a Doctoral Student in Nursing and a Research Assistant at the Eskisehir School of Health of the Eskisehir Osmangazi University. She holds a Master’s degree in Psychiatric Nursing from the Gazi University.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the sleep quality and the factors affecting sleep quality of patients who were hospitalized at psychiatric ward of a university hospital in the Central Anatolia region in Turkey. This is a cross-sectional study carried out on 90 patients (85.71%) who were hospitalized at psychiatric ward between September 2011 and February 2012. The “Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index (PSQI)” was used to evaluate the sleep quality of patients in the last month. Statistical analysis was performed by using chi-square and structural equation modeling (SEM).The average of total PSQI point was 8.1 ± 4.6 (min: 1.0; max: 18.0). The sleep quality of patients’ 67.8% (n=61) was poor. According to the results of the SEM, being a woman (β = 0.201; p = 0.007), the presence of sleep problems previously (β = 0.226; p = 0.002), the presence of chronic disease (β = 0.209; p = 0.005) and having a diagnosis about schizophrenia (β = 0.204; p = 0.006), depression (β = 0.274 ; p < 0.001), bipolar (β = 0.344 , p < 0.001), anxiety (β = 0.213 ; p = 0.004) and personality disorders (β = 0.304 ; p < 0.001) had a significant effect on the poor quality of sleep. Especially having a bipolar diagnosis among the significant independent variables has more influence than any other variables. More detailed studies should be performed to solve the deterioration in sleep structure of each different psychiatric diagnosis.

Dr.Tilahun Belete Mossie is a Junior Member at Nursing Department, Psychiatry Unit, Mekelle University, College of Health Sciences, Ethiopia. Tilahun Belete Mossie is the Editorial Board Member of many peer reviewed journals and his area of expertise, as a Research Scholar credits him with many publications in national and international journals. He is committed to highest standards of excellence and it proves through his co-authorship of many books.

Background: Premenstrual dysphoric disorder characterized by mood and physical symptoms impairs different areas of women’s life; still it remained less studied in African region, including Ethiopia. With the purpose of determining its magnitude and to identify associated factors, this study was carried out. Methods: institution based cross sectional study was employed among 181 in school young girls at Ayder secondary and Preparatory school, Mekelle from February to June 2015. Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders 4th edition was used to asses premenstrual dysphoric disorder; also Zung self rating anxiety scale was employed to assess anxiety disorder. Self administered questionnaire prepared in local language (Tigrigna) was used to collect data; systematic random sampling with proportional allocation was employed. Data was analyzed by using SPSS window 20. Result: The magnitude of premenstrual dysphoric disorder was 30.9%. Also 16% had anxiety disorder. Concerning age of menarche, it was 13 to 16 years for about 70.7%; in addition the time of next menses was within 21 to 35 days for 50.8% of the participants. The associated factors were early menarche age of 13 to 16 years (p-value 0.033) and longer duration of menstruation (p-value 0.020). Conclusion: Premenstrual dysphoric disorder among adolescents was higher. Significant attention should be given to school based youth friendly programs that integrate mental health with reproductive issues.